Recovering particle materials from discarded printed circuit boards can enhance resource recycling and reduce environmental pollution. Efficiently physically separating and recovering finemetal particles (−0.5 mm) fromthe circuit boards are a key recycling challenge. To do this, a new type of separator, an inflatable tapered diameter separation bed, was developed to study particle motion and separation mechanisms in the bed’s fluid flow field. For 0.5–0.25mm circuit board particles, metal recovery rates ranged from 87.56 to 94.17%, and separation efficiencies ranged from 87.71 to 94.20%. For 0.25–0.125mm particles, metal recovery rates ranged from84.76 to 91.97%, and separation efficiencies ranged from84.74 to 91.86%. For superfine products (−0.125 mm),metal recovery rates ranged from 73.11 to 83.04%, and separation efficiencies ranged from 73.00 to 83.14%. This research showed that the inflatable tapered diameter separation bed achieved efficient particle separation and can be used to recover fine particles under a wide range of operational conditions.The bed offers a new mechanical technology to recycle valuable materials from discarded printed circuit boards, reducing environmental pollution.